Here, we’ve collated a set of resources and information relevant to working with TCP/IP, especially on Windows PCs (desktop and server versions are mostly alike, especially when it comes to the IP stack implementation and command-line utilities for same). Our list of items includes an overview of Windows command-line IP tools, the hosts file that provides default and fallback name resolution (including for loopback and other built-in addresses), links to important RFCs, address classes, online resources and more. We invite you to dig into these items, and to use them as you need them.
Understanding Basic Binary Arithmetic
Windows 7, Windows 10, and Windows Server 2012 R2 Registry Settings